{"id":2021,"date":"2026-03-02T08:20:32","date_gmt":"2026-03-02T07:20:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/glassfiber.wpenginepowered.com\/?post_type=fagartikler&p=2021"},"modified":"2026-05-13T07:22:36","modified_gmt":"2026-05-13T05:22:36","slug":"hvad-eru-grindur","status":"publish","type":"fagartikler","link":"https:\/\/glassfiber.no\/is\/fagartikler\/hva-er-gitterrister\/","title":{"rendered":"Hva\u00f0 eru grindur?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Grillar eru vins\u00e6lasti v\u00f6ruflokkurinn okkar og vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum miki\u00f0 \u00farval af grillum fyrir flestar \u00fearfir.<\/strong>
Hver tegund af grind hefur s\u00edn eigin hentugu notkunarsvi\u00f0 og styrkleika byggt \u00e1 uppbyggingu, samsetningu og framlei\u00f0slua\u00f0fer\u00f0.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00c1\u00f0ur en vi\u00f0 k\u00f6fum ofan \u00ed \u00fe\u00e6r mismunandi ger\u00f0ir af ristum sem vi\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0um upp \u00e1 er gott a\u00f0 skilja hva\u00f0 rist \u00ed raun er og til hvers h\u00fan er notu\u00f0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Einfaldlega sagt er rist safnhugtak sem vi\u00f0 notum yfir ristar \u00far trefjaplastspr\u00f3f\u00edlum, sem saman mynda sterkt yfirbor\u00f0 me\u00f0 reglulegu mynstri. Opnunin hleypir lj\u00f3si, lofti og vatni au\u00f0veldlega \u00ed gegn, sem er mikilv\u00e6gt \u00fear sem g\u00f3\u00f0 loftr\u00e6sting og fr\u00e1rennsli er nau\u00f0synleg. Ristar eru oft nota\u00f0ar \u00e1 i\u00f0na\u00f0arsv\u00e6\u00f0um, \u00e1 br\u00fam og \u00ed stiga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ristargrindurnar sem vi\u00f0 seljum eru \u00far trefjaplasti og eru oftast nota\u00f0ar fyrir gangst\u00edga og palla. Trefjaplastsefni\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 risturnar eru l\u00e9ttar en samt sterkar. \u00deetta gerir \u00fe\u00e6r au\u00f0veldar \u00ed notkun og a\u00f0l\u00f6gun \u00e1 sta\u00f0num. Ristargrindurnar eru \u00ed grundvallaratri\u00f0um... t\u00e6ringar\u00feolinn<\/a> gegn ytri umhverfi og er \u00fev\u00ed s\u00e9rstaklega hentugt fyrir umhverfi sem ver\u00f0a fyrir t\u00e6ringu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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V\u00edrnetgrindur nota\u00f0ar sem gangst\u00edgar \u00ed fiskeldi \u00e1 landi.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Ristar nota\u00f0ir sem stigatr\u00e9.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u00deynnsta v\u00edrneti\u00f0 okkar var nota\u00f0 til a\u00f0 b\u00faa til b\u00far sem nota\u00f0 er \u00ed s\u00fdrub\u00f6\u00f0.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Munurinn \u00e1 grindunum<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u00f0 a\u00f0greinum grindurnar okkar \u00e1 nokkra vegu, byggt \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvernig \u00fe\u00e6r eru framleiddar, \u00far hva\u00f0a \u00edhlutum \u00fe\u00e6r eru ger\u00f0ar og hva\u00f0a notkun \u00fe\u00e6r eru \u00e6tla\u00f0ar fyrir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Framlei\u00f0slua\u00f0fer\u00f0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u00f0 skulum sko\u00f0a framlei\u00f0slua\u00f0fer\u00f0ina.
Vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum \u00e1 lager v\u00f6rur sem framleiddar eru me\u00f0 tveimur mismunandi framlei\u00f0slua\u00f0fer\u00f0um:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Steyptar ristar<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Steyptar ristar eru me\u00f0 ferkanta\u00f0 e\u00f0a r\u00e9tthyrnt ristamynstur. \u00de\u00e6r eru framleiddar me\u00f0 steypum\u00f3ti \u00fear sem knippi af trefjaplasti eru l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00ed l\u00f6gum \u00ed 90 gr\u00e1\u00f0u horni. \u00deetta veitir bur\u00f0ar\u00feol \u00ed b\u00e1\u00f0ar \u00e1ttir \u00ed l\u00e1r\u00e9ttu plani. \u00d3h\u00e1\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hvernig risturnar eru nota\u00f0ar, mun styrkurinn dreifast jafnt yfir ristina. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00f3f\u00edlbundnar grindur<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00f3f\u00edlagrindur eru settar saman \u00far langsum I-pr\u00f3f\u00edlum. Pr\u00f3f\u00edlarnir eru framleiddir me\u00f0 pultruderingu og settir saman me\u00f0 \u00feversum pr\u00f3f\u00edlum sem l\u00e6sa I-pr\u00f3f\u00edlunum \u00e1 s\u00ednum sta\u00f0. \u00d3l\u00edkt steyptum ristum hafa pr\u00f3f\u00edlagrindur a\u00f0eins bur\u00f0argetu \u00ed eina \u00e1tt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

St\u00e6r\u00f0ir<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00deykkt grindarinnar og \u00fea\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0 k\u00f6llum pr\u00f3f\u00edl\u00feykkt hafa mikil \u00e1hrif \u00e1 styrk grindarinnar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00deykkt ristarinnar<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u00f0 erum me\u00f0 grindur me\u00f0 \u00feykkt fr\u00e1 12 mm upp \u00ed 51 mm.
\u00deetta hefur \u00e1n efa mikil \u00e1hrif \u00e1 styrk ristarinnar. \u00deykktin sem valin er \u00e6tti a\u00f0 byggjast \u00e1 \u00feeirri \u00feyngd sem \u00e1 a\u00f0 bera og m\u00f6gulegu fr\u00edspenni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00deykkt pr\u00f3f\u00edls<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6nnur v\u00eddd grindarinnar sem \u00e1kvar\u00f0ar bur\u00f0ar\u00feol hennar er \u00feykkt sni\u00f0sins. Me\u00f0 \u00feykkt sni\u00f0sins er \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 \u00feykktina sem myndar mynstri\u00f0 \u00e1 grindinni, hvort sem um er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a steyptar e\u00f0a sni\u00f0bundnar grindur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00f3f\u00edlmynstur og opnun<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Steyptar ristargrindur okkar eru hanna\u00f0ar me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed sem vi\u00f0 k\u00f6llum pr\u00f3f\u00edlmynstur. \u00deetta mynstur er f\u00e1anlegt \u00ed nokkrum mismunandi st\u00e6r\u00f0um og samsetning \u00feessara st\u00e6r\u00f0a og pr\u00f3f\u00edl\u00feykktar hefur mikil \u00e1hrif \u00e1 styrk og bur\u00f0ar\u00feol ristarinnar.

\u00deegar vi\u00f0 t\u00f6lum um op, \u00fe\u00e1 erum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 tala um pr\u00f3f\u00edlgrindurnar okkar. Op v\u00edsar til fjarl\u00e6g\u00f0arinnar \u00e1 milli I-laga pr\u00f3f\u00edlanna \u00ed grindinni, sem er lykilatri\u00f0i \u00ed pr\u00f3f\u00edlgrindunum okkar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Munurinn \u00e1 \u00feykkt pr\u00f3f\u00edlsins.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
Sumar af grindunum okkar hafa anna\u00f0 yfirbor\u00f0smynstur en a\u00f0almynstri\u00f0.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Hla\u00f0a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00c1 v\u00f6rus\u00ed\u00f0um grindanna finnur \u00fe\u00fa \u00e1lagst\u00f6flu sem s\u00fdnir \u00e1lagi\u00f0 sem grindin er h\u00f6nnu\u00f0 fyrir. \u00deetta er gott verkf\u00e6ri ef \u00fe\u00fa ert \u00f3viss.
hvort tiltekin rist s\u00e9 n\u00f3gu sterk fyrir \u00fearfir \u00fe\u00ednar.
H\u00e9r er d\u00e6mi um \u00fatreikning \u00e1 \u00e1lagi \u00e1 einni af 38 mm ristum okkar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00deetta g\u00e6ti virst svol\u00edti\u00f0 fl\u00f3ki\u00f0, en vi\u00f0 munum gera okkar besta til a\u00f0 \u00fatsk\u00fdra \u00fea\u00f0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Opi\u00f0 span<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Vinstra megin \u00ed t\u00f6flunni s\u00e9r\u00f0u lista yfir opin spann, \u00fe.e. opnunina \u00e1 milli undirliggjandi bj\u00e1lka e\u00f0a bur\u00f0arvirkis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hla\u00f0a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Hv\u00edtu t\u00f6lurnar \u00ed gula reitnum efst eru \u00e1lagi\u00f0 gefi\u00f0 upp \u00ed kN (k\u00edl\u00f3Newton). 1 kN = 100 kg.
\u00deegar vi\u00f0 t\u00f6lum um \u00e1lag, \u00fe\u00e1 erum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 tala um \u00feyngdina sem ristin ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 \u00feola.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vinstra megin \u00ed t\u00f6flunni v\u00edsum vi\u00f0 til tveggja mismunandi ger\u00f0a \u00e1lags, \u0394U og \u0394C.
\u0394U er \u00e1lagi\u00f0 sem dreifist jafnt \u00e1 fermetra og \u0394C er einbeitingar\u00e1lagi\u00f0 \u00e1 metra e\u00f0a l\u00ednu\u00e1lagi\u00f0 \u00e1 1 metra. \u00deetta segir eitthva\u00f0 um hvernig \u00e1lagi\u00f0 er beitt \u00e1 grindina. \u0394 stendur fyrir Delta og \u00ed e\u00f0lisfr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir \u00fea\u00f0 breyting. \u00cd \u00feessu tilviki er \u00fea\u00f0 breytingin sem grindin gerir \u00feegar \u00e1lag er beitt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beygja<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f6lurnar \u00ed mi\u00f0ri t\u00f6flunni s\u00fdna hversu miki\u00f0 ristin beygist \u00ed mm. T\u00f6kum sem d\u00e6mi opi\u00f0 spann upp \u00e1 800 mm. H\u00e9r sj\u00e1um vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 ef vi\u00f0 beygjum \u00fea\u00f0 me\u00f0 8 kN \u00e1lagi, \u00fe\u00e1 beygist \u00fea\u00f0 um 4,5 mm me\u00f0 jafndreif\u00f0u \u00e1lagi (\u0394U) og 8,8 mm me\u00f0 einbeittu \u00e1lagi \u00e1 metra (\u0394C).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e1marks- og r\u00e1\u00f0lag\u00f0ur hle\u00f0sla<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Lengst til h\u00e6gri \u00ed t\u00f6flunni m\u00e1 sj\u00e1 r\u00e1\u00f0lag\u00f0a h\u00e1marks\u00e1lag og brot\u00e1lag. Me\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0l\u00f6g\u00f0u \u00e1lagi er \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1lag sem Glassfiber Produkter AS, \u00e1samt r\u00e1\u00f0leggingum fr\u00e1 framlei\u00f0anda, m\u00e6lir me\u00f0. Brot\u00e1lag er \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1lag sem ristin \u00feolir \u00e1\u00f0ur en h\u00fan brotnar \u00ed tvennt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Binding<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Eins og vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum \u00fatsk\u00fdrt \u00ed \u00feessari grein hva\u00f0 trefjaplast er og \u00far hverju \u00fea\u00f0 er gert<\/a>, bindiefni er einn af \u00fe\u00e1ttum trefjaplasts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0um upp \u00e1 grindur sem samanstanda af fj\u00f3rum mismunandi bindiefnum. \u00d6ll bindiefnin eru mj\u00f6g sterk, endingarg\u00f3\u00f0 og eldvarnarefni; en sum bindiefni geta einnig bo\u00f0i\u00f0 upp \u00e1 vi\u00f0b\u00f3tareiginleika.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ort\u00f3p\u00f3l\u00fdester<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ort\u00f3p\u00f3l\u00fdester b\u00fd\u00f0ur upp \u00e1 gott jafnv\u00e6gi milli afkasta og kostna\u00f0ar, me\u00f0 n\u00e6gilega efna\u00feol fyrir fj\u00f6lbreytt notkunarsvi\u00f0 og g\u00f3\u00f0um v\u00e9lr\u00e6num styrk. \u00deessi ger\u00f0 hentar vel til vatnshreinsunar, byggingarlistar og almennrar i\u00f0na\u00f0arnotkunar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cds\u00f3p\u00f3l\u00fdester<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00cds\u00f3p\u00f3l\u00fdester b\u00fd\u00f0ur upp \u00e1 g\u00f3\u00f0a efna\u00feol og ve\u00f0ur\u00feol, sem gerir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0um kosti fyrir b\u00e6\u00f0i utandyra og i\u00f0na\u00f0arnotkun \u00fear sem mi\u00f0lungsmikil efna\u00e1hrif eiga s\u00e9r sta\u00f0. Ristar \u00far \u00eds\u00f3p\u00f3l\u00fdester eru hagkv\u00e6mar og bj\u00f3\u00f0a upp \u00e1 traustan styrk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00edn\u00fdl ester<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V\u00edn\u00fdlester bindiefni\u00f0 einkennist af fram\u00farskarandi efna\u00feoli, s\u00e9rstaklega gegn s\u00fdrum og sterkum bas\u00edskum efnum. V\u00edn\u00fdlester er tilvali\u00f0 til notkunar \u00ed mj\u00f6g t\u00e6randi umhverfi sem finnst \u00ed efnai\u00f0na\u00f0i. Risturnar hafa einnig fram\u00farskarandi v\u00e9lr\u00e6na eiginleika og endingu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fen\u00f3l<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Fen\u00f3lgrindur eru \u00feekktar fyrir einstaka eld\u00feol og litla reykmyndun, sem gerir \u00fe\u00e6r a\u00f0 kj\u00f6rnum valkosti fyrir eldh\u00e6ttuleg sv\u00e6\u00f0i eins og \u00e1 hafi \u00fati og \u00ed g\u00f6ngum. \u00de\u00e6r hafa g\u00f3\u00f0a efna\u00feol og stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 auknu \u00f6ryggi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Rifur me\u00f0 mismunandi ger\u00f0um bindiefnis, oftast gefin til kynna me\u00f0 lit rifunnar.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Yfirbor\u00f0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Yfirbor\u00f0 grindanna getur einnig veri\u00f0 f\u00e1anlegt \u00ed mismunandi \u00fatf\u00e6rslum sem henta fyrir mismunandi notkun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e1lkufr\u00edtt yfirbor\u00f0 me\u00f0 f\u00ednt skiptum sandi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Yfirbor\u00f0 me\u00f0 f\u00ednkornu\u00f0um sandi veitir mesta n\u00faninginn og er okkar h\u00e1lku\u00feolnasta yfirbor\u00f0. \u00deetta er sta\u00f0la\u00f0 yfirbor\u00f0 okkar og g\u00f3\u00f0ur kostur ef \u00fe\u00fa vilt mikla \u00f6ryggi gegn h\u00e1lku \u00ed langan t\u00edma. Hentar vel fyrir notkun \u00fear sem \u00fatfellingar e\u00f0a \u00f3hreinindi geta myndast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bogalaga\/\u00edhvolfur yfirbor\u00f0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Bogalaga yfirbor\u00f0 myndast n\u00e1tt\u00farulega vi\u00f0 steypuferli\u00f0. \u00deetta veitir g\u00f3\u00f0a h\u00e1lkuv\u00f6rn og er au\u00f0veldara a\u00f0 halda hreinu, samanbori\u00f0 vi\u00f0 sandfl\u00f6t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rifur me\u00f0 pl\u00f6tu<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Risturnar okkar eru f\u00e1anlegar me\u00f0 d\u00e6miger\u00f0ri 3 mm pl\u00f6tu sem \u00feekur ristamynstri\u00f0. Risturnar hafa \u00fe\u00e1 \u00fe\u00e9tt yfirbor\u00f0 sem h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 nota \u00fear sem til d\u00e6mis \u00fearf a\u00f0 koma \u00ed veg fyrir a\u00f0 vatn e\u00f0a anna\u00f0 falli \u00ed gegnum \u00fe\u00e6r. Yfirbor\u00f0 pl\u00f6tunnar er anna\u00f0 hvort me\u00f0 f\u00ednkornu\u00f0um sandi sem h\u00e1lkuv\u00f6rn e\u00f0a me\u00f0 t\u00e1radropalaga pl\u00f6tumynstri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sl\u00e9tt yfirbor\u00f0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

S\u00ed\u00f0asti kosturinn okkar er sl\u00e9tt yfirbor\u00f0 b\u00e1\u00f0um megin vi\u00f0 ristina. \u00deetta er a\u00f0eins \u00ed bo\u00f0i fyrir 12 mm \u00feykkar ristar okkar. Venjulega nota\u00f0 til a\u00f0 verjast v\u00e9lum sem hreyfast e\u00f0a sn\u00faast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Steypt rist me\u00f0 yfirbor\u00f0i \u00far f\u00ednt klofnum sandi<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Rifinn me\u00f0 pl\u00f6tu me\u00f0 t\u00e1radropamynstri.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

Flokkar grindar<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00de\u00fa \u00feekkir n\u00fa mismunandi \u00fe\u00e6tti sem fara \u00ed a\u00f0 b\u00faa til hin \u00fdmsu grindur okkar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n